Flexural Properties
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ASTM D790, ISO 178
A2LA Accredited
ASTM and ISO specify somewhat different parameters for this test
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Scope:
The Flexural test measures the force required to bend a beam under 3 point loading conditions. The data is often used to select materials for parts that will support loads without flexing. Flexural modulus is used as an indication of a material’s stiffness when flexed. Since the physical properties of many materials (especially thermoplastics) can vary depending on ambient temperature, it is sometimes appropriate to test materials at temperatures that simulate the intended end use environment.
Test Procedure:
Most commonly the specimen lies on a support span and the load is applied to the center by the loading nose producing three point bending at a specified rate. The parameters for this test are the support span; the speed of the loading; and the maximum deflection for the test. These parameters are based on the test specimen thickness, and are defined differently by ASTM and ISO.
Elevated or Reduced Temperature Test Procedure:
A thermal chamber is installed on the Instron universal test machine. The chamber is designed to allow the test mounts from the base and crosshead of the Instron to pass through the top and bottom of the chamber. Standard test fixtures are installed inside the chamber, and testing is conducted inside the controlled thermal environment the same as it would be at ambient temperature. The chamber has internal electric heaters for elevated temperatures and uses external carbon dioxide gas as a coolant for reduced temperatures.
Specimen size:
A variety of specimen shapes can be used for this test, but the most commonly used specimen size is 3.2mm x 12.7mm x 125mm (0.125" x 0.5" x 5.0") for ASTM, and 10mm x 4mm x 80mm for ISO.
Data:
Flexural strength, flexural stress at specified strain levels, and flexural modulus can be calculated.
Equipment Used:
Instron Universal Tester
Flexural test fixtures
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